ANNOTATIONS, Lesson 3

Here you will find notes about the unit 3.

Lesson 3: Digital content, information evaluation and licensing.

• To filter or curate digital content.

• To identify the different types of licenses and their application to the generated digital content.

• To be aware of the importance of respecting the authorship of digital resources available on the Internet.

• To know how to apply licenses of use to the digital content of own authorship.

What is a digital content?

It is any form of data or information in digital form (electronic files), as opposed to physical device. It can be analog or digital and we can found documents, audio, images and videos, presentations and data bases.

Software:

We have two types of software, system software (operating system, file management utilities, disk operating systems, etc.) and application software.

System software examples: Windows, Android, iOS, defragmenting tool, etc.

Application software example: Word, Photoshop, Hot Potatoes, etc.

Software licenses:

We can generally classify the software in 4 types from the point of view of the license:

• Traditional licence (Copyrigt): you pay for the privilege of using software.

• Free software: you have the freedom to modify the source code of this software and you can redistribute it.

• Freeware: this software is distributed free, but have copyright and you can’t change the source code.

• Shareware: initially distributed free of charge, but may later require a payment to unlock (trial) or keep functionality (more info.).

Content curation:

1. Search.

2. Filter.

3. Analyze / Create.

4. Share.

Specific platforms: wakelet, pinterest, flipboard, scoopit, reddit.

Digital social networks: facebook, twitter, instagram, etc.

Reference sources:

• It is a source the teacher can trust to use in his or her classes.

• Review your references!!

• Reliable sources (TIPS):

    • Universities domains (@ Ex. : urjc.es or mit.edu)

    • Other teachers or experts.

    • Colleges.

    • Centres of reference.

    • Google Scholar.

    • Educational books or journals (Search for OpenAcces, are free.

Licenses:

How can it help me as a preprimary or primary school teacher to know something about licensing?

• No illegal acts shall be committed. For example, modifying and printing a copyrighted photo in an activity in your class may be illegal. Look for photos with licenses that allow you to do so (Creative Commons).

• That others can use my work.

Some concepts related with licenses:

• Intellectual property refers to creations of the mind: inventions; literary and artistic works; and symbols, names and images used in commerce and is the set of rights that authors have over their original creations.

• Copyright refers to the legal system of author rights regulation that we have related to our intellectual property. It’s created automatically and you don’t need to register.

• Industrial property refers to protection for trademaks, patents, utility models, designs, ...

Can I use everything on Internet?

After perform a search on Internet, if you find something interesting for you, this work (presentation, paper, post, video) may be:

a) Content doesn’t show a license -> automatically has Copyright.

b) Content is copyrighted -> ©

c) Content is copyrighted but indicates in some way that can be used or reused.

d) Content has another type of license, for instance, Creative Commons (CC).

Creative Commons:

Copyright has allowed authors to protect their work, although in recent years, due to the development of the Internet and the exchange of information, attempts have been made to eliminate or reduce existing limitations for reusing or modifying content.

Creative Commons is a non-profit organization dedicated to providing free permission to the public to share and use their creative work under the terms and conditions of their choice.

There are several types of Creative Commons license with different configurations to provide a work with permissions for citation, reproduction, modification or distribution.

• CC can be grouped into four modules of conditions:

• Attribution (BY): allows copying, reproduction, distribution, modification and commercial use of the work as long as the original author is recognized.

• Share equal (SA): allows modifications on the work but under the same or similar license.

• Non-commercial (NC): requires that the work is not used for commercial purposes.

• Non-derivative (ND): does not allow modification of the work in any way (includes SA).

The combination of these modules gives rise to six Creative Commons licenses:

• Reconognition (CC BY). 

• Reconognition – Without Derivative Work (CC BY-ND).

• Reconognition - No comertial (CC BY-NC).

• Reconognition – Share Equally (CC BY-SA).

• Reconognition - No comertial – Share Equally (CC BY-NC-SA).

• Reconognition - Without Derivative Work - No comertial (CC BY-ND-NC).

Creative Commons, how to use it:

1. Create your work.

2. Choose a CC license: https://creativecommons.org/choose/

3. Add to your work:

    a. Document.

    b. Picture.

    c. Slide.

    d. Video (Youtube).

Searching the license, some tips:

If you are looking on Internet and you want to avoid problems with licenses:

a. Filter the content in your search engine. Once we have found the content we want to reuse, modify, etc. REVIEW IN THE DOCUMENT IF WE CAN REALLY USE IT, sometimes Google does not filter the content correctly (in front a judge that would not serve as justification).

b. Search content and review after find it the licenses.

Remember! Even if you have a free license, it is very important to check what kind of license you have in order to know what we can do with that content (modify it, use it for a book that is going to be sold, etc.).

Some ideas:

• An image that we found on the web, which has no license we can not use it, unless we ask the owner or author, if we could copy the URL and put it in our notes or presentation, but never the image.

• A YouTube video can be shared in our networks, embedded in our blog or website, but never downloaded (unless the license allows it).

• Any work, unless the author says otherwise, is copyrighted and permission must be sought to use it and for the type of use (for example if we want to modify it).

• …